Recuperative foundation for coke-ovens.



Patented ifiept. 5, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. ROBERTS.

RECUPEB-ATIVE FOUNDATIONS F08 COKE OVENS.

APPLICATION FILED IANI 3, 1916.

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l llllllliAlll I I A. ROBERTS. RECUPERATIVE FOUNDATIONS FOR com overus.

APPLICATION FILED JAN- 3. 1915- iiqirlfiwfia Patented @yept. 5 1916.

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1 1211... 11, liii r- A. ROBERTS. RECUPERATIVE FOUNDATIONS FOR OKEOVENS.-

APPLICATION FILED IAN. 3.1916.

Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

MN QQ 9m ARTHUR ROBERTS, OF EVANS'ION, ILLINOIS.

BiECUlERATIVE FOUNDATION FOR COKE-OVENS.

tra nee.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5,1916.

Original application filed December 2,1914, Serial No. 875,503. Dividedandthis application filed January 3, 1916. serial No. 69,996.

To all whom 2'25 may concern Bedt known that I, ARTHUR Ronnirrs, acitizen of the United States, residing at Evanston, county of (1001?,and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and use fulImprovements in liecuperative Foundations for Coke-Ovens, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This application is a. division of my copending application for LettersPatent of the United States on improvements in recuperative coke ovens,Serial No. 875,508, filed December 4, 1914. In that application, thereis disclosed a coke oven construction in which recuperator Walls areplaced between the adjacent heating walls of the ad jacent 'coke ovensof a bench, and that application relates genenlly to constructions inwhich the said recuperato'r walls are independent of the heating wallsto the extent that they may expand and contract in dependently of theheating walls, and to the extent that they may be constructed ormaintained as independent elements or portions of a bench of coke ovens.That application also disclosed a construction of foundation and wastegas fiues wherein and whereby heat may be recuperated in said foundationfrom the waste gas fiues.

This application relates to a type of foundation and flue constructionwherein and whereby the waste heat contained in the gas traversing thelines may be recuperated in the walls orbody of said lines and returnedto the burners through the medium or preheated air.

The recuperator principle is onein which heat is'constantly deliveredfrom hot gases through a wall or the like to the air or gases travelingseparately or independently of the hot gases from which the heatvisextracted. That is to say, there is a substantially constant input ofheat units into one portion of the structure, and a corresponding,substantially simultaneous, withdrawal of heat units from the otherportion of the structure. The rate at which. the heat will e deliveredinto or withdrawn from said structure depends, among other things, uponthe intimacy of contact of all portions of the heat carrying medium, orthe heat extracting medium, with said structure.

I have dlscovered the fact that, 1f the air or other gas be allowed totravel in a lit substantially unobstructed manner along the structure,there will form a layer or coating of substantially inert air or gas onthe surface of said structure, which layer or coating of air or gas willeffectively insulate or cut off the body of the air or gas from thestructure. On account of the comparatively high heat insulating qualityof this layer of air or gas, the transfer of heat to or from thestructure will be very seriously impeded and, consequently therecuperating capacity per unit of superficial area of the structure willbe correspondingly lowered.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide one or more spent gasfines of such construction that the incoming air or gas may travelthrough and within the body of one or more walls of said flue .orHues-in such a manner that the air or gas will be driven with greatfrequency and violence against portions of the wall construction tothereby bring all portions of the air or gas into direct and forciblecontactwith the structure one or more times and at one or more pointsduring the travel of the air or gas. That is to say, the main object ofthe invention is to so construct the walls of the flue that the transferof heat into the air or gas traveling through said walls will beoccasioned largely by the impingement prin ciple disclosed in myco-pending application for Letters Patent of the United States onimprovements in the art ot' heating, Serial No. 48,753, which was filedAugust 5, 1915.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the walls of saidflue that the walls can be built from a minimum number of block forms.Also to so construct said walls that they will be provided with a meshof impingement passages contained within its body portion in combinationwith openings or passages suitably disposed with respect to said mesh tosecure a desired transfer of air or gas to andlfrornthe mesh.

Other objects and uses of the invention will appear from a detaileddescription of the same which consists in the features of constructionand cinnbinations of parts here.- inafter described and claimed.

ieferring' to the drawings: Figure 1 shows a plan view of a foundationfor ataken on the line -l't of Fig. (3, looking in the direction of thearrows; F ig. 5 is a detailed fragmentary view of that corner of thelower portion of the foundation diagonally opposite to the corner shownin Fig. 4, and is a section taken on the line 5- -5 of Fig. 7, lookingin the direction of the arrows; Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentarydetailed vertical section corre sponding to Fig. 4, being taken on theline 6-6 of Fig. 4, looking in the direction of the arrows; and Fig. 7is an enlarged fragmentary detailed vertical section corresponding toFig. 5, being taken on the line 77 of Fig. 5, looking 1n the directionof the arrows. Figs. 6 and 7 may also be considered as being taken onthe lines 66 and 7-7 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring to Fig. 2, the same is a section taken through the centerportion of carbonizing chamber 8, said carbonizing chamher being one ofthe chambers of the bench of ovens. It will be understood that a sectionthrou h the foundationimmediately beneath eacn carbonizing chamber wouldbe similar to the section shown in Fig. Immediately beneath eachcarbonizing chainher is the transversely extending sole passage 9, andbeneath each of said. sole passages is a corresponding spent gas channel10. Each sole passage connects with a corresponding channel by means ofa plurality of vertical connections 11, so that the spent gases from theheating walls of each oven collect in the corresponding channel 10.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be seen that there are the spent gas finesl2 and 13, which extend lengthwise of the bench beneath its sideportions, these fines extending along beneath the end portions of theseveral ovens. The flues 12 and 13 deliver their spent gases to thecommon connection Ll from which the spent gases may be withdrawn in anydesired manner. Each of the channels 10 delivers its spent gases to theflues 12 and 13 by means of the down-comers 15 and 16, respectively,said'down-comers being connected to the fines by means of the openings17 and 18. The construction thus far described is shown in my issuedLetters Patent cf he United States No. 1,132,685, issued to me asinventor, March 23, 1915, and I will not describe the same at greaterlength at this point. Adjacent to the lower portion of each coke oven,there is a transversely extending air channel 19 from which the air isdelivered upward to the various memos burners to whicn it may beconnected. the particular arrangement illustrated in the drawings, eachof the channels 15) delivers its air into the lower portion of a recu'ierai'ing wall 20, the particular construction of which recuperatingwall is shown in my co-pending application for Letters Patent of theUnited States on inuirovcmen'ts in recuperating walls, executed by me asinventor, of even date herewith, filed January 3, lSllG, as Serial No.(39,995 said application also being'a divisioh oi my co-- pendingapplication, Serial No. 875,503 tiled December l, 19H. The various airchannels 19 of the various ovens of the bench are connected togetl'ierby a pair of longitudinally extending passages 21v and 22 which extendsubstantially the entire length oi the bench, so that the incoming airmay be equalized throughout the entire bench of ovens.

According to the features of the present invention, as particularlyillustrated in the drawings herein, 1 so construct one or more of thespent gas fines that the incoming air travels adjacent to the hot gasesin said lines, while, nevertheless, being isolated or cut oil from saidgases, to thereby transfer a portion of the waste heat from the spentgases into the incoming fresh air., According to the features of thepresent invention, such heat transfer is secured by so constructing oneor'inore walls of such fines that the incoming air or gas will. travelthrough. the body or interior portion of said wall, receiving itsheatfrom the wall, and the wall, in turn, being heated by the hot gas orair traveling adjacent to it.

Figs. 2, 3, (5 and 7 show that certain oi the walls of the flues 12 and13 are provided' with a meshwork of horizontally and vertically.extending passages 23. In the construction illustrated. this result isaccomplished by building the desired walls from blocks which have one ormore horizontal and vertical faces centrally recessed, so that, whensaid blocks are set together, their recesses will cooperate to producethe desired mesh of passages.

Figs. 2 and 3 show the blocks in longitudinal section, whereas Figs. (5and 7 show the blocks in transverse section. in the arrangementillustrated, I have shown both side walls of each line as beingconstructed from blocks oi this character, and I have also shown eachfine as being provided with another central wall, constructed in similarmanner. manifestly, however, any desired number of such walls might beprovided in each fine, or in selected fines, or each of said selectedfines might be provided with only one such wall. Tlherct'ore, while inthe viirions figures l have shown a construction in. which there are twofines for carrying ed the spent gases, each ol said filler. bcing prllf) vided with three such walls, still it will be understood that agreater or lesser number of tlues might be used, and a greater or lessernumber of walls of this character might be used in each flue withinwhich a recuperating action is desired.

Adjacent to one end of the fluelQ, there is a vertically extendingpocket or chamber 24 to which fresh air or gas is delivered by means ofa pipe 25. This pocket is in communication with one end of each of therecuperating walls of the fine 12. Adjacent to the other end of the due13, and beneath the same is a transverse passageway 26 into which freshair or gas is delivered by means of the pipe 27. The passageway 26connects by means of risers 28 with the adjacent ends of recuperatingwalls of the flue 13. It thus appears that the air or gas within therecuperating walls of the flue 12 travels in the direction-opposite tothe air or gas within the recuperating walls of the flue 13.

Above each recuperating wall is a longitudinally extending channel 29into which the heatedair or gas from said wall collects. The variouschannels 29 above each flue are in communication with each other bymeans or" the cross connections 30, shown in Figs. 6 and 7, so that theheated air or gas above each flue may equalize itself from the variousrecuperating walls of said flue. Corresponding to each of the channels19, a riser 31 extends upward from the connections 30 of the adjacentfines, and the heated air or gas is delivered to the channel 19 by meansof said risers.

Inasmuch as the channels 19 connect together the'recuperating walls ofthe two lines, and inasmuch asthe air or gas within the recuperatingwalls of the two flues travels in opposite directions, it will beevident that an equalization of air or gas pressure will besecured, andthere will also be an equalization of recuperative action in the amountof air or gas delivered to each of the channels; Such equalization wouldnot be secured it the air or gas in all of the recuperating wallstraveled in the same di rection along the length of the bench, and,therefore, it may be considered that I have provided means for causingthe air or gas traveling through two or more recuperating walls to soequalize in said walls that the air or delivered to the various ovensfrom said walls will all be at substantially the same temperature orsubjected to substantially the same amount of recuperating action.

In the several figures, the foundation pillars are designated by thenumeral 32.

It will be observed from a consideration of the foregoing disclosuresthat I have made provision for the recuperation of heat between thegases flowing within the passages of the tunnels themselves on the onehand, and the gas or air flowing within the walls of said tunnel on theother hand. Said recuperation may be in the form either of transmissionof heat from the-air or gas flowing through the tunnel into the air orgas flowing within the walls, or in a reverse direction, although in theparticular construction illustrated the recuperation is from the tunnelpassages to the gas or air flowing Within the walls. It will also beobserved that I have provided a construction whereby the amount ofrecuperation may be increased beyond'that amount which would be securedmerely by the recuperation. in the two opposite walls of the tunnel.Such increased rate or amount of recuperation may be seecured by theinterposition of a desired number of recuperating partitions within thebody of the tunnel itself, although in the particular constructionillustrated I have shown only a single partition extending along thecentral portion of each tunnel. I claim:

1. In a construction of the class described a foundation having twoparallel tunnels, each tunnel having walls, selected ones of said wallshaving passages for air, connections for the delivery of air to all ofsaid passages, and connections for the delivery of air from all of saidpassages at selected intervals.

2. In a construction of the class described a foundation having twoparallel tunnels,

each tunnel having walls, air passages within all of said walls,connections for the delivery of waste gas to the spa :e between thewalls of each tunnel, connections for the delivery of air into one endof the air passages of the walls of One tunnel, connections for thedelivery of air into the other end of the air passage of the walls ofthe other tunnel, and connections for the delivery of air from all ofsaid air passages at selected intervals.

3. In a construction of the class described, a foundation having twoparallel tunnels, each tunnel having wa-lls, air passages withinselected walls of each tunnel, connections for the delivery of gas tothe space between the walls of each tunnel, connections for the deliveryof air into one end of the air passages of the walls of one tunnel,connections for the delivery of air into the other end of the airpassages of the walls of the other tunnel, and connections for thedelivery of air from said air passages at selected intervals. 4. In aconstruction of the class described, a foundation having a. tunnel, saidtunnel having walls, selected ones of said walls having passages forair, connections for the delivery of air to all of said passages, andconnections for the delivery of air from all of said passages atselected intervals.

,' 5. In a construction of the class described,

a foundation having a tunnel, said tunnel having Walls, airpassageswithin selected walls, connections for the delivery of waste gasto the space between the Walls, connec tions for the delivery of air tosaid passages, and connections for the delivery of air from all of saidpassages at selected intervals.

6. In a construction of the class described, a foundation, aplurality ofWalls therein, air passages Within selected ones of said Walls,connections for thedelivery of air into one end of the air passages ofone wall,

connections for the delivery of air into the other end of the airpassages of the other Wall, and connections for the delivery of airXRTHUR ROBERTS.

Witnesses:

FRANCES M. Fnos'r, THOMAS A. BANNING, Jr.

